World Music Industry †A Background Essay Example for Free

World Music Industry – A Background Essay There are three major segments in the world music industry; the industry that deals in the recorded music, the industry that is involved in the broadcasting of the already recorded music and the industry that attends to live performances. There are other less significant segments which are concerned with the broadcast rights for live performances and so on. Revenue is generated at each of these stages of the value chain. The earning of the revenue starts with a composer and lyricist with a song written and composed. In some cases the lyricist will sell the music on his own or he may decide to sell the rights may be transferred to another party. Then the song is played by the performers and at this point the revenues start flowing from two different directions – one from the performance recorded in a studio and the other from the live performances. In this process there are certain costs incurred which makes the presence of the companies specialized in the recording business as a prerequisite for channelizing the music performed. These costs include: Cost of rent for studio time and recording equipments Professional service charges payable for the sound engineers, technicians and operators Cost of transferring the recordings to tapes or compact discs and Cost of distributing the music as saleable commodities Since these costs are very high it is not possible to complete the value chain without the participation of these high profile companies. Usually these recording companies sign a contract with the performers. Under the contract the performer agrees to produce a certain number of recordings. The performer also agrees to take part in the promotion of the music product and is also under an obligation not to take part in recordings with other companies during the contract period. The record company undertakes to incur the cost of â€Å"producing, duplicating, packaging, distributing and marketing† of the products. The record companies distribute the products to the retailers who further sells to the consumers. In this value chain the authorized listeners who purchase the music product by paying the specified charges as remuneration to the copyright holders share their copy of the product with other listeners who do not make any payment for listening to the music. Traditionally the occasions on which the copying of the music was done were less which was in an informal way by making illegal tapes to share with friends and relatives. In this case there will be no earnings for any party in the value chain including for the â€Å"publishers, performers, recording companies and retailers†. There may not be any revenue arising for the person who has purchased the product legally and this depends on whether he charges for the copies he makes for the use of his friends. With the rapid changed in technology, the traditional market for the music was changing its dependence from cassettes, LPs, singles, compact discs, mini discs, MP3 and DVDs. These changes in the selling media have acted as strong barriers to the new entrants in to the market due to the reasons like: The international distribution network had proved very capital intensive involving huge investments. Despite the large investments, there was always the risk that the network must suit to the sudden changes in the customers’ demand. This often necessitated the trading off of international rights to music to international distribution as a measure to avoid the risk of change in preferences. (Kretschmer et al. , 1999). There were large costs associated with the marketing of the music worldwide. Firms had to incur marketing expenditure running in to millions of dollars in this respect. This is evident from the fact that releasing chart-bound albums have resulted in huge marketing costs in the national markets of UK and Germany. The composition of the products is so vulnerable that sometimes as low as 10 percent of the music products would account for almost 90 percent of the turnover and nobody could really assess the reasons for the success of certain products. (Caves, 2000) The competition from large players from other industries like consumer electronics, television and other media, entertainment and telecommunication industries using latest technologies of digital and networking also act as a barrier for new firms entering the music products market in the traditional set up. Examples of such organizations include the Time Warner, Disney, and Sony etc.

From The Mountains of California To The Hills of Kentucky :: Short Story Moving Traveling Essays

From The Mountains of California To The Hills of Kentucky Jose used to live in Los Angeles California. He lived there for the first ten years of his life. Los Angeles was all Jose ever knew. He had many friends and he loved everything about the state he lived in. When Jose was ten his family decided to move to Florence, Kentucky. Jose had to leave everything in Los Angeles and start a new life in Florence. Kentucky is different from California in many ways. There are less Hispanics in Kentucky than in California. Hardly anyone speaks Spanish in Kentucky and in California almost everyone speaks Spanish. Speaking Spanish in a store causes everyone to turn around and looks. In California if you where to go into a store and speak Spanish nobody would care. In Kentucky there are hardly any attractions. In California, there are many of attractions and the weather is mostly sunny and warm. In Kentucky the weather is only nice for the summer and then it gets cold. There are no beaches, and Mexico is not as close as it is in California, that is the worst thing. How did Jose and his family end up in Kentucky? It all started like this. His uncle’s job decided to move away. His uncle’s company gave their employee’s a choice either to stay and have no job or to move with the company. Unfortunately, he chose to move away. His uncle didn’t think the company made a fair choice, but that was the way they did it. His uncle told the whole family about this and another of Jose’s uncle’s said his family and he would also move with him to Kentucky since he was out of a job. When Jose heard about this, he became afraid of not seeing his uncles, aunts, or my cousins anymore. He told his cousins to tell him all about Kentucky and to call and write him as much as possible. When his aunts and uncles moved away, they still kept in touch with letters and telephone calls, but it was not the same. Christmas came, Jose’s aunts decided to buy two airplane tickets for his sisters to go to Kentucky. Jose got mad at his aunts for not buying him a ticket and said that he would never talk to them again but then he thought about it and thought it would be cool not to have any of his sisters around, everything would be for him and his sisters would not bug him for two weeks.

A Kindly Child

Oliver, my step son, is a young, good-hearted and kind boy. I first met him in a book shop years ago where he was forced to steal a handkerchief silk from my pocket; however, he was not the one who committed the pickpocket. At first glance you can see he is small and quite slim young man. He has got an oval face with bright blue eyes and a little mouth; furthermore, he has short brown straight hair. He is quite handsome, especially when he shows her bright smile. On the other hand, when I saw him firstly he was pale and thin with an expression of sorrow in her face which has no more. The most characteristic thing about Oliver is his unprecedented kindness. Despite the fact that he has raised in corrupt surroundings, his purity and virtue are absolute. What is more, even when he is abused and manipulated, Oliver does not become angry or indignant. Oliver’s moral scruples about the holiness of property seem inborn in him. Furthermore, other pauper children use rough idioms, but Oliver, oddly enough, speaks in proper words. His grammatical meticulousness is also inexplicable, as he presumably is not well-educated. I admire Oliver because he shows people how to be a better person. Moreover, his generosity of spirit is total, and even when faced with serious maltreatment; he has never lost his sense of morality or humanity. Her hair is brown, her eyes are honey colour. Moreover, she has a small nose and a big small. Today she is wearing a brown and white sweater, blue trouser and black shoes. The first thing you notice about him, are his blue eyes, small upturned nose and large sensuous mouth, which make his face very photogenic. At first glance you can also see her short, brown hair, as well as slender body which make her look really amazing. . It is rare to cheer everybody up in different situations, yet she always manages to do it. Moreover, she is the life and soul of a party, which makes her extremely sociable. Pointing out her tendency to be incredibly precise and insistance an perfection. Some people claim she may seem quick-tempered but in reality deep down, she is really an amiable person. Public places their real â€Å"work† when Dawkins picks the pocket of a gentleman. When the gentleman, Mr. Brownlow, realizes he is being robbed, Oliver is mistaken for the pickpocket. And he is then chased, captured and taken to the police Oliver is noted for having an especially innocent looking face, Brownlow. Oliver collects his inheritance and is adopted by Brownlow Oliver’s incorruptible undermines although he is raised in corrupt surroundings, his purity and virtue are absolute. Lily really deserves admiration due to her ambition and optimism. She shows people how to be a better person. I hope our friendship will never end. Mary is as beautiful as a Hollywood star. Her thick, wavy, long black hair gracefully falls down to her shoulders and encircles her diamond-shaped face. A golden suntan usually brings out her smooth, clear complexion and high cheek bones. Her slightly arched chestnut brown eyebrows highlight her emotions by moving up and down as she reacts to her world around her. Her large deep blue eyes, remind me of a lake on a stormy day. Her curved nose gives her little girl look that makes me want to smile when she talks. And her mouth is a small mouth outlined by puffy lips that she often accentuates with glossy pink lipstick. When she smiles, which is often, her well formed and even, white teeth brighten up her whole face. I guess you can tell that I am head over heals in love with Mary. His generosity of spirit is total, and even when he faced with serious maltreatment, he never loses his sense of morality or kindness.

The Cultural Aspects Of Organizational Culture - 1739 Words

Organizational Culture The Organizational Culture Theory analyzes the various cultural aspects of organizations, most notably the five metaphorical performances, the seven cultural markers, and the notion of culture being something an organization is versus culture being something an organization has. The five metaphorical performances are ritual, passion, sociality, politics, and enculturation. Rituals are certain events that are done at certain times, such as getting coffee at a certain time every day. Passion is how one describes their mundane work through stories that indicate how they see it as just the opposite of boring. Sociality describes acts among workers in the organization that can bring them together, such as joking or†¦show more content†¦The â€Å"is† refers to how culture is perceived by regular employees, while the â€Å"has† refers to how management wants the culture to be perceived by others. One study regarding Organizational Culture is tha t of Raz (1999). For this study, Raz applied the Organizational Culture Theory to describe the culture of Tokyo Disneyland (TDL) and compare it to other amusement parks by conducting interviews with TDL employees and conducting observations of the parks. For this study, the researcher aimed to see if such cultural differences had any effects on the success of the parks; therefore, she compared TDL to its local competitor, Korakuen, and also to the American Disneylands. The researcher found that the success of TDL was due to its ability to largely incorporate the Japanese culture and furthermore through its strict adherence to a highly specific manual providing instructions to the running of the park. Such a finding is significant in that it provides new insight into globalization and shows that imperialism is not necessarily the only result, as TDL developed the unique hybrid cultural position by incorporating both Japanese and American culture. Raz’s (1999) study is then important to Organizational Culture because it addresses many of the performances and cultural markers. For instance, it addresses the politics of TDL in describing the differences between full- and part-time employees. Raz (1999) noted how full-time employees were subject to a seniorityShow MoreRelatedOrganizational Diversity And Cultural Diversity1582 Words   |  7 PagesThe hindrance of cultural struggles that encompass aspects of career growth may be the main reason there are different levels of organizational workforce satisfaction. Even though women have a much greater likelihood of leaving their position, current organization, the organizational cultural differences build high turnover rates. 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